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Marine Biology for Summer Session: Citations

This guide is to support the Summer Session's Marine Biology classes.

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When to Use Citations

You must use citations when:

  • You use a direct quote from a resource.
  • You paraphrase a sentence or paragraph from a source.
  • You use an IDEA from a source that is not common knowledge.

When in doubt, cite it!

Quoting vs. Paraphrasing

Always give credit for others thoughts and writings. "Think of quotation marks as a hug, keeping someone else’s words safe in what you’re writing." Sarah Grassin Tucson.com

Avoiding Plagiarism

Save time with a Citation generator

The joy of finding footnotes and bibliographic entries that lead to the perfect original source can only happen when scholars carefully track their sources and generate citations in an appropriate style. Neglecting to track your sources as you move through the research process will cost you HOURS of precious time. 

Try this excellent tool: (click the image below)

Noodletools will not only help you create your footnotes and bibliography, it also will help you stay organized.  When you create a project, you have the ability to record, link, and track your sources, attach notecards, make an outline, export a bibliography, and copy/paste footnotes into your paper.  You also may share your project with your teacher and/or classmates. 

For history assignments, you should use Chicago Style bibliography and footnotes, and choose the "advanced" option to get the most types of citation forms. 

Other Citation and Bibliographic Software

Citation Forms - MLA

When writing this paper, you will be using the MLA format.  MLA uses parenthetical references (instead of footnotes).

In-Text Citations

When using MLA style, you are expected to use in-text citations as opposed to footnotes.  These can appear tricky at first, but honing the skill of in-text citations will actually make your writing stronger and more "readable" because they help eliminate passive voice writing.

Here are a few online guides that can help you with in-text citations: